// Copyright 2017 Google Inc. All Rights Reserved.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

// Package pstest provides a fake Cloud PubSub service for testing. It implements a
// simplified form of the service, suitable for unit tests. It may behave
// differently from the actual service in ways in which the service is
// non-deterministic or unspecified: timing, delivery order, etc.
//
// This package is EXPERIMENTAL and is subject to change without notice.
//
// See the example for usage.
package pstest

import (
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"path"
	"sort"
	"strings"
	"sync"
	"sync/atomic"
	"time"

	"cloud.google.com/go/internal/testutil"
	"github.com/golang/protobuf/ptypes"
	durpb "github.com/golang/protobuf/ptypes/duration"
	emptypb "github.com/golang/protobuf/ptypes/empty"
	"golang.org/x/net/context"
	pb "google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/pubsub/v1"
	"google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
)

// For testing. Note that even though changes to the now variable are atomic, a call
// to the stored function can race with a change to that function. This could be a
// problem if tests are run in parallel, or even if concurrent parts of the same test
// change the value of the variable.
var now atomic.Value

func init() {
	now.Store(time.Now)
}

func timeNow() time.Time {
	return now.Load().(func() time.Time)()
}

type Server struct {
	Addr    string // The address that the server is listening on.
	gServer gServer
}

type gServer struct {
	pb.PublisherServer
	pb.SubscriberServer

	mu            sync.Mutex
	topics        map[string]*topic
	subs          map[string]*subscription
	msgs          []*Message // all messages ever published
	msgsByID      map[string]*Message
	wg            sync.WaitGroup
	nextID        int
	streamTimeout time.Duration
}

// NewServer creates a new fake server running in the current process.
func NewServer() *Server {
	srv, err := testutil.NewServer()
	if err != nil {
		panic(fmt.Sprintf("pstest.NewServer: %v", err))
	}
	s := &Server{
		Addr: srv.Addr,
		gServer: gServer{
			topics:   map[string]*topic{},
			subs:     map[string]*subscription{},
			msgsByID: map[string]*Message{},
		},
	}
	pb.RegisterPublisherServer(srv.Gsrv, &s.gServer)
	pb.RegisterSubscriberServer(srv.Gsrv, &s.gServer)
	srv.Start()
	return s
}

// Publish behaves as if the Publish RPC was called with a message with the given
// data and attrs. It returns the ID of the message.
// The topic will be created if it doesn't exist.
//
// Publish panics if there is an error, which is appropriate for testing.
func (s *Server) Publish(topic string, data []byte, attrs map[string]string) string {
	const topicPattern = "projects/*/topics/*"
	ok, err := path.Match(topicPattern, topic)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	if !ok {
		panic(fmt.Sprintf("topic name must be of the form %q", topicPattern))
	}
	_, _ = s.gServer.CreateTopic(nil, &pb.Topic{Name: topic})
	req := &pb.PublishRequest{
		Topic:    topic,
		Messages: []*pb.PubsubMessage{{Data: data, Attributes: attrs}},
	}
	res, err := s.gServer.Publish(nil, req)
	if err != nil {
		panic(fmt.Sprintf("pstest.Server.Publish: %v", err))
	}
	return res.MessageIds[0]
}

// SetStreamTimeout sets the amount of time a stream will be active before it shuts
// itself down. This mimics the real service's behavior of closing streams after 30
// minutes. If SetStreamTimeout is never called or is passed zero, streams never shut
// down.
func (s *Server) SetStreamTimeout(d time.Duration) {
	s.gServer.mu.Lock()
	defer s.gServer.mu.Unlock()
	s.gServer.streamTimeout = d
}

// A Message is a message that was published to the server.
type Message struct {
	ID          string
	Data        []byte
	Attributes  map[string]string
	PublishTime time.Time
	Deliveries  int // number of times delivery of the message was attempted
	Acks        int // number of acks received from clients

	// protected by server mutex
	deliveries int
	acks       int
}

// Messages returns information about all messages ever published.
func (s *Server) Messages() []*Message {
	s.gServer.mu.Lock()
	defer s.gServer.mu.Unlock()

	var msgs []*Message
	for _, m := range s.gServer.msgs {
		m.Deliveries = m.deliveries
		m.Acks = m.acks
		msgs = append(msgs, m)
	}
	return msgs
}

// Message returns the message with the given ID, or nil if no message
// with that ID was published.
func (s *Server) Message(id string) *Message {
	s.gServer.mu.Lock()
	defer s.gServer.mu.Unlock()

	m := s.gServer.msgsByID[id]
	if m != nil {
		m.Deliveries = m.deliveries
		m.Acks = m.acks
	}
	return m
}

// Wait blocks until all server activity has completed.
func (s *Server) Wait() {
	s.gServer.wg.Wait()
}

func (s *gServer) CreateTopic(_ context.Context, t *pb.Topic) (*pb.Topic, error) {
	s.mu.Lock()
	defer s.mu.Unlock()

	if s.topics[t.Name] != nil {
		return nil, status.Errorf(codes.AlreadyExists, "topic %q", t.Name)
	}
	top := newTopic(t)
	s.topics[t.Name] = top
	return top.proto, nil
}

func (s *gServer) GetTopic(_ context.Context, req *pb.GetTopicRequest) (*pb.Topic, error) {
	s.mu.Lock()
	defer s.mu.Unlock()

	if t := s.topics[req.Topic]; t != nil {
		return t.proto, nil
	}
	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.NotFound, "topic %q", req.Topic)
}

func (s *gServer) UpdateTopic(_ context.Context, req *pb.UpdateTopicRequest) (*pb.Topic, error) {
	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "unimplemented")
}

func (s *gServer) ListTopics(_ context.Context, req *pb.ListTopicsRequest) (*pb.ListTopicsResponse, error) {
	s.mu.Lock()
	defer s.mu.Unlock()

	var names []string
	for n := range s.topics {
		if strings.HasPrefix(n, req.Project) {
			names = append(names, n)
		}
	}
	sort.Strings(names)
	from, to, nextToken, err := testutil.PageBounds(int(req.PageSize), req.PageToken, len(names))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	res := &pb.ListTopicsResponse{NextPageToken: nextToken}
	for i := from; i < to; i++ {
		res.Topics = append(res.Topics, s.topics[names[i]].proto)
	}
	return res, nil
}

func (s *gServer) ListTopicSubscriptions(_ context.Context, req *pb.ListTopicSubscriptionsRequest) (*pb.ListTopicSubscriptionsResponse, error) {
	s.mu.Lock()
	defer s.mu.Unlock()

	var names []string
	for name, sub := range s.subs {
		if sub.topic.proto.Name == req.Topic {
			names = append(names, name)
		}
	}
	sort.Strings(names)
	from, to, nextToken, err := testutil.PageBounds(int(req.PageSize), req.PageToken, len(names))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return &pb.ListTopicSubscriptionsResponse{
		Subscriptions: names[from:to],
		NextPageToken: nextToken,
	}, nil
}

func (s *gServer) DeleteTopic(_ context.Context, req *pb.DeleteTopicRequest) (*emptypb.Empty, error) {
	s.mu.Lock()
	defer s.mu.Unlock()

	t := s.topics[req.Topic]
	if t == nil {
		return nil, status.Errorf(codes.NotFound, "topic %q", req.Topic)
	}
	t.stop()
	delete(s.topics, req.Topic)
	return &emptypb.Empty{}, nil
}

func (s *gServer) CreateSubscription(_ context.Context, ps *pb.Subscription) (*pb.Subscription, error) {
	s.mu.Lock()
	defer s.mu.Unlock()

	if ps.Name == "" {
		return nil, status.Errorf(codes.InvalidArgument, "missing name")
	}
	if s.subs[ps.Name] != nil {
		return nil, status.Errorf(codes.AlreadyExists, "subscription %q", ps.Name)
	}
	if ps.Topic == "" {
		return nil, status.Errorf(codes.InvalidArgument, "missing topic")
	}
	top := s.topics[ps.Topic]
	if top == nil {
		return nil, status.Errorf(codes.NotFound, "topic %q", ps.Topic)
	}
	if err := checkAckDeadline(ps.AckDeadlineSeconds); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	if ps.MessageRetentionDuration == nil {
		ps.MessageRetentionDuration = defaultMessageRetentionDuration
	}
	if err := checkMRD(ps.MessageRetentionDuration); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	if ps.PushConfig == nil {
		ps.PushConfig = &pb.PushConfig{}
	}

	sub := newSubscription(top, &s.mu, ps)
	top.subs[ps.Name] = sub
	s.subs[ps.Name] = sub
	sub.start(&s.wg)
	return ps, nil
}

// Can be set for testing.
var minAckDeadlineSecs int32 = 10

func checkAckDeadline(ads int32) error {
	if ads < minAckDeadlineSecs || ads > 600 {
		// PubSub service returns Unknown.
		return status.Errorf(codes.Unknown, "bad ack_deadline_seconds: %d", ads)
	}
	return nil
}

const (
	minMessageRetentionDuration = 10 * time.Minute
	maxMessageRetentionDuration = 168 * time.Hour
)

var defaultMessageRetentionDuration = ptypes.DurationProto(maxMessageRetentionDuration)

func checkMRD(pmrd *durpb.Duration) error {
	mrd, err := ptypes.Duration(pmrd)
	if err != nil || mrd < minMessageRetentionDuration || mrd > maxMessageRetentionDuration {
		return status.Errorf(codes.InvalidArgument, "bad message_retention_duration %+v", pmrd)
	}
	return nil
}

func (s *gServer) GetSubscription(_ context.Context, req *pb.GetSubscriptionRequest) (*pb.Subscription, error) {
	s.mu.Lock()
	defer s.mu.Unlock()

	if sub := s.subs[req.Subscription]; sub != nil {
		return sub.proto, nil
	}
	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.NotFound, "subscription %q", req.Subscription)
}

func (s *gServer) UpdateSubscription(_ context.Context, req *pb.UpdateSubscriptionRequest) (*pb.Subscription, error) {
	s.mu.Lock()
	defer s.mu.Unlock()

	sub := s.subs[req.Subscription.Name]
	if sub == nil {
		return nil, status.Errorf(codes.NotFound, "subscription %q", req.Subscription.Name)
	}

	for _, path := range req.UpdateMask.Paths {
		switch path {
		case "push_config":
			sub.proto.PushConfig = req.Subscription.PushConfig

		case "ack_deadline_seconds":
			a := req.Subscription.AckDeadlineSeconds
			if err := checkAckDeadline(a); err != nil {
				return nil, err
			}
			sub.proto.AckDeadlineSeconds = a

		case "retain_acked_messages":
			sub.proto.RetainAckedMessages = req.Subscription.RetainAckedMessages

		case "message_retention_duration":
			if err := checkMRD(req.Subscription.MessageRetentionDuration); err != nil {
				return nil, err
			}
			sub.proto.MessageRetentionDuration = req.Subscription.MessageRetentionDuration

			// TODO(jba): labels
		default:
			return nil, status.Errorf(codes.InvalidArgument, "unknown field name %q", path)
		}
	}
	return sub.proto, nil
}

func (s *gServer) ListSubscriptions(_ context.Context, req *pb.ListSubscriptionsRequest) (*pb.ListSubscriptionsResponse, error) {
	s.mu.Lock()
	defer s.mu.Unlock()

	var names []string
	for name := range s.subs {
		if strings.HasPrefix(name, req.Project) {
			names = append(names, name)
		}
	}
	sort.Strings(names)
	from, to, nextToken, err := testutil.PageBounds(int(req.PageSize), req.PageToken, len(names))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	res := &pb.ListSubscriptionsResponse{NextPageToken: nextToken}
	for i := from; i < to; i++ {
		res.Subscriptions = append(res.Subscriptions, s.subs[names[i]].proto)
	}
	return res, nil
}

func (s *gServer) DeleteSubscription(_ context.Context, req *pb.DeleteSubscriptionRequest) (*emptypb.Empty, error) {
	s.mu.Lock()
	defer s.mu.Unlock()

	sub := s.subs[req.Subscription]
	if sub == nil {
		return nil, status.Errorf(codes.NotFound, "subscription %q", req.Subscription)
	}
	sub.stop()
	delete(s.subs, req.Subscription)
	sub.topic.deleteSub(sub)
	return &emptypb.Empty{}, nil
}

func (s *gServer) Publish(_ context.Context, req *pb.PublishRequest) (*pb.PublishResponse, error) {
	s.mu.Lock()
	defer s.mu.Unlock()

	if req.Topic == "" {
		return nil, status.Errorf(codes.InvalidArgument, "missing topic")
	}
	top := s.topics[req.Topic]
	if top == nil {
		return nil, status.Errorf(codes.NotFound, "topic %q", req.Topic)
	}
	var ids []string
	for _, pm := range req.Messages {
		id := fmt.Sprintf("m%d", s.nextID)
		s.nextID++
		pm.MessageId = id
		pubTime := timeNow()
		tsPubTime, err := ptypes.TimestampProto(pubTime)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Internal, err.Error())
		}
		pm.PublishTime = tsPubTime
		m := &Message{
			ID:          id,
			Data:        pm.Data,
			Attributes:  pm.Attributes,
			PublishTime: pubTime,
		}
		top.publish(pm, m)
		ids = append(ids, id)
		s.msgs = append(s.msgs, m)
		s.msgsByID[id] = m
	}
	return &pb.PublishResponse{MessageIds: ids}, nil
}

type topic struct {
	proto *pb.Topic
	subs  map[string]*subscription
}

func newTopic(pt *pb.Topic) *topic {
	return &topic{
		proto: pt,
		subs:  map[string]*subscription{},
	}
}

func (t *topic) stop() {
	for _, sub := range t.subs {
		sub.proto.Topic = "_deleted-topic_"
		sub.stop()
	}
}

func (t *topic) deleteSub(sub *subscription) {
	delete(t.subs, sub.proto.Name)
}

func (t *topic) publish(pm *pb.PubsubMessage, m *Message) {
	for _, s := range t.subs {
		s.msgs[pm.MessageId] = &message{
			publishTime: m.PublishTime,
			proto: &pb.ReceivedMessage{
				AckId:   pm.MessageId,
				Message: pm,
			},
			deliveries:  &m.deliveries,
			acks:        &m.acks,
			streamIndex: -1,
		}
	}
}

type subscription struct {
	topic      *topic
	mu         *sync.Mutex
	proto      *pb.Subscription
	ackTimeout time.Duration
	msgs       map[string]*message // unacked messages by message ID
	streams    []*stream
	done       chan struct{}
}

func newSubscription(t *topic, mu *sync.Mutex, ps *pb.Subscription) *subscription {
	at := time.Duration(ps.AckDeadlineSeconds) * time.Second
	if at == 0 {
		at = 10 * time.Second
	}
	return &subscription{
		topic:      t,
		mu:         mu,
		proto:      ps,
		ackTimeout: at,
		msgs:       map[string]*message{},
		done:       make(chan struct{}),
	}
}

func (s *subscription) start(wg *sync.WaitGroup) {
	wg.Add(1)
	go func() {
		defer wg.Done()
		for {
			select {
			case <-s.done:
				return
			case <-time.After(10 * time.Millisecond):
				s.deliver()
			}
		}
	}()
}

func (s *subscription) stop() {
	close(s.done)
}

func (s *gServer) StreamingPull(sps pb.Subscriber_StreamingPullServer) error {
	// Receive initial message configuring the pull.
	req, err := sps.Recv()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if req.Subscription == "" {
		return status.Errorf(codes.InvalidArgument, "missing subscription")
	}
	s.mu.Lock()
	sub := s.subs[req.Subscription]
	s.mu.Unlock()
	if sub == nil {
		return status.Errorf(codes.NotFound, "subscription %s", req.Subscription)
	}
	// Create a new stream to handle the pull.
	st := sub.newStream(sps, s.streamTimeout)
	err = st.pull(&s.wg)
	sub.deleteStream(st)
	return err
}

var retentionDuration = 10 * time.Minute

func (s *subscription) deliver() {
	s.mu.Lock()
	defer s.mu.Unlock()

	tNow := timeNow()
	for id, m := range s.msgs {
		// Mark a message as re-deliverable if its ack deadline has expired.
		if m.outstanding() && tNow.After(m.ackDeadline) {
			m.makeAvailable()
		}
		pubTime, err := ptypes.Timestamp(m.proto.Message.PublishTime)
		if err != nil {
			panic(err)
		}
		// Remove messages that have been undelivered for a long time.
		if !m.outstanding() && tNow.Sub(pubTime) > retentionDuration {
			delete(s.msgs, id)
		}
	}
	// Try to deliver each remaining message.
	curIndex := 0
	for _, m := range s.msgs {
		if m.outstanding() {
			continue
		}
		// If the message was never delivered before, start with the stream at
		// curIndex. If it was delivered before, start with the stream after the one
		// that owned it.
		if m.streamIndex < 0 {
			delIndex, ok := s.deliverMessage(m, curIndex, tNow)
			if !ok {
				break
			}
			curIndex = delIndex + 1
			m.streamIndex = curIndex
		} else {
			delIndex, ok := s.deliverMessage(m, m.streamIndex, tNow)
			if !ok {
				break
			}
			m.streamIndex = delIndex
		}
	}
}

// deliverMessage attempts to deliver m to the stream at index i. If it can't, it
// tries streams i+1, i+2, ..., wrapping around. It returns the index of the stream
// it delivered the message to, or 0, false if it didn't deliver the message because
// there are no active streams.
func (s *subscription) deliverMessage(m *message, i int, tNow time.Time) (int, bool) {
	for len(s.streams) > 0 {
		if i >= len(s.streams) {
			i = 0
		}
		st := s.streams[i]
		select {
		case <-st.done:
			s.streams = deleteStreamAt(s.streams, i)

		case st.msgc <- m.proto:
			(*m.deliveries)++
			m.ackDeadline = tNow.Add(st.ackTimeout)
			return i, true
		}
	}
	return 0, false
}

func (s *subscription) newStream(gs pb.Subscriber_StreamingPullServer, timeout time.Duration) *stream {
	st := &stream{
		sub:        s,
		done:       make(chan struct{}),
		msgc:       make(chan *pb.ReceivedMessage),
		gstream:    gs,
		ackTimeout: s.ackTimeout,
		timeout:    timeout,
	}
	s.mu.Lock()
	s.streams = append(s.streams, st)
	s.mu.Unlock()
	return st
}

func (s *subscription) deleteStream(st *stream) {
	s.mu.Lock()
	defer s.mu.Unlock()
	var i int
	for i = 0; i < len(s.streams); i++ {
		if s.streams[i] == st {
			break
		}
	}
	if i < len(s.streams) {
		s.streams = deleteStreamAt(s.streams, i)
	}
}
func deleteStreamAt(s []*stream, i int) []*stream {
	// Preserve order for round-robin delivery.
	return append(s[:i], s[i+1:]...)
}

type message struct {
	proto       *pb.ReceivedMessage
	publishTime time.Time
	ackDeadline time.Time
	deliveries  *int
	acks        *int
	streamIndex int // index of stream that currently owns msg, for round-robin delivery
}

// A message is outstanding if it is owned by some stream.
func (m *message) outstanding() bool {
	return !m.ackDeadline.IsZero()
}

func (m *message) makeAvailable() {
	m.ackDeadline = time.Time{}
}

type stream struct {
	sub        *subscription
	done       chan struct{} // closed when the stream is finished
	msgc       chan *pb.ReceivedMessage
	gstream    pb.Subscriber_StreamingPullServer
	ackTimeout time.Duration
	timeout    time.Duration
}

// pull manages the StreamingPull interaction for the life of the stream.
func (st *stream) pull(wg *sync.WaitGroup) error {
	errc := make(chan error, 2)
	wg.Add(2)
	go func() {
		defer wg.Done()
		errc <- st.sendLoop()
	}()
	go func() {
		defer wg.Done()
		errc <- st.recvLoop()
	}()
	var tchan <-chan time.Time
	if st.timeout > 0 {
		tchan = time.After(st.timeout)
	}
	// Wait until one of the goroutines returns an error, or we time out.
	var err error
	select {
	case err = <-errc:
		if err == io.EOF {
			err = nil
		}
	case <-tchan:
	}
	close(st.done) // stop the other goroutine
	return err
}

func (st *stream) sendLoop() error {
	for {
		select {
		case <-st.done:
			return nil
		case rm := <-st.msgc:
			res := &pb.StreamingPullResponse{ReceivedMessages: []*pb.ReceivedMessage{rm}}
			if err := st.gstream.Send(res); err != nil {
				return err
			}
		}
	}
}

func (st *stream) recvLoop() error {
	for {
		req, err := st.gstream.Recv()
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		st.sub.handleStreamingPullRequest(st, req)
	}
}

func (s *subscription) handleStreamingPullRequest(st *stream, req *pb.StreamingPullRequest) {
	// Lock the entire server.
	s.mu.Lock()
	defer s.mu.Unlock()

	for _, ackID := range req.AckIds {
		s.ack(ackID)
	}
	for i, id := range req.ModifyDeadlineAckIds {
		s.modifyAckDeadline(id, secsToDur(req.ModifyDeadlineSeconds[i]))
	}
	if req.StreamAckDeadlineSeconds > 0 {
		st.ackTimeout = secsToDur(req.StreamAckDeadlineSeconds)
	}
}

func (s *subscription) ack(id string) {
	m := s.msgs[id]
	if m != nil {
		(*m.acks)++
		delete(s.msgs, id)
	}
}

func (s *subscription) modifyAckDeadline(id string, d time.Duration) {
	m := s.msgs[id]
	if m == nil { // already acked: ignore.
		return
	}
	if d == 0 { // nack
		m.makeAvailable()
	} else { // extend the deadline by d
		m.ackDeadline = timeNow().Add(d)
	}
}

func secsToDur(secs int32) time.Duration {
	return time.Duration(secs) * time.Second
}
